Borys Honcharenko (1) and Olena Demchenko (2)

1. Departament of Dendrology, M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1 Timiryazevska Str., 01014, Kyiv, Ukraine. E-mail: boris_nbs@ukr.net

2. Department of Botany, Dendrology and Forest Tree Breeding, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15 Heroiv Oborony Str., 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine. *E-mail: demchenkoo@nubip.edu.ua

In the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, 6 species, 2 hybrids, 2 varieties and about 10 cultivars of the genus Forsythia Vahl are cultivated. The phoenology of the species of the genus is not sufficiently covered in the literature. The available information is mostly about flowering and fruiting periods of individual species, varieties and cultivars at various points of introduction. Due to the lack of information on the rhythms of growth and development of plants of most taxa of the genus Forsythia in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, there was a need to conduct such studies. The purpose of the work is to recognize the features in seasonal rhythms of growth and development of Forsythia taxa in th Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine and to study their con- sistency with the natural and climatic conditions of this region. The studied objects are within the normal limits of 3–4 phoenodata. Only Forsythia ovata Nakai, whose phoenophases are shorter than normal, does not fit into this range. 20 % of the research objects are within the normal range for all phoenodata, and 93.33 % are within the normal range for 3–4 phoenodata. F. giraldiana Lingelsh., F. ovata ‘Tetragold’, F. suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, F. suspensa var. fortunei, and F. suspensa var. sieboldii, growing in the city of Kyiv, are within the norm for the dates of onset of all phoeno- phases and have an unused part of the growing season in reserve. In the majority of forsythias (86.67 %), the phoenological atypicality indicator is less than 1, which indicates the correspond- ence of the seasonal rhythms of growth and development of most of the studied forsythias to the climatic conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.

Received: 07 February 2024 / Accepted: 14 July 2024 / Available online: 02 August 2024

 Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Adriana Marinova* and Svetoslav Anev

Department of Dendrology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Forestry, 10 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria. *E-mail: adriana_marinova@ltu.bg

This study aims to examine the impact of silvicultural interventions on the height and diameter growth, survival, and canopy structure of naturally regenerated European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) saplings. In a field study, a system of six experimental sites was set up across three areas in the West Stara Planina region, selected according to the various types of cutting regimes within them. At each area, we chose two experimental sites – one of them with silvicultural intervention (Group selection system, Group shelterwood system and Short-term shelterwood system cuttings) and the other one – without silvicultural intervention during the last minimum twenty years (control). Biometric measurements of sapling number, height, and diameter were taken in 2018 and 2022, alongside assessments of the leaf area index (LAI). The results showed that cutting regimes influence beech regeneration growth patterns. Small canopy gaps (0.111 and 0.125 ha) in the Group selection and Short-term shelterwood systems led to similar survival and growth changes, selecting resilient individuals and increasing sapling sizes compared to controls, with no significant change in LAI. In contrast, the Group shelterwood system, with a larger canopy gap (0.555 ha), resulted in similar sapling numbers and sizes to the control but increased LAI over four years without sapling size growth. This indicates that larger gaps may have a less stimulating effect on beech regeneration compared to smaller gaps.

Received: 07 June 2024 / Accepted: 31 August 2024 / Available online: 05 August 2024 

Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Vasil Kolev (1), Gradimir Guychev (1), and Alexander Mikhailichenko (2)

1. Department of Wildlife Management, University of Forestry, 10 St. K. Ohridski Blvd., 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria. E-mail: vassilie@abv.bg*, gradi.val@gmail.com

2. IP ‘Ecoexpertservice’, North-Western micro district, 4, 48A, Kostanay, Kazakhstan.
E-mail: alex_expert@inbox.ru

The primary objective of this study was to determine the growth parameters of Thracian barbel in the middle zone of the Mesta River within the Aegean basin in Bulgaria. For this purpose, a total of 106 fish were caught and examined. The sample was collected by electrofishing along the Mesta River. Fish age was determined using scalimetry, while length and mass were calculated using scale length-radius and mass-length relationships, respectively. The study identified six age groups, with the majority of the sample comprising two and three-year-old fish. The lengths ranged from 46 mm to 242 mm. Growth analysis was performed by back-calculating the length using the equation L = 3.0858·S+20.759 (r2 = 0.955). Furthermore, a relationship between gutted weight (W) and standard length (L) was established using the equation W = 0.00001∙L2.9799 (r2 = 0.967).

Received: 24 June 2024 / Accepted: 07 October 2024 / Available online: 17 October 2024

Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. 

Fembriarti Erry Prasmatiwi (1), Rusdi Evizal (2), Tri Novi Astuti (1), and Asyifa Rahmita Zahra (3)

1. Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, Lampung University, Jalan Soemantri Brodjonegoro 1, Bandar Lampung 35145, Indonesia. *E-mail: fembriarti.erry@fp.unila.ac.id

2. Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Lampung University, Jalan Soemantri Brodjonegoro 1, Bandar Lampung 35145, Indonesia.

3. Department of Agricultural Socioeconomics, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University, Bulaksumur, Catur Tunggal, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.

Global climate change impacts all aspects of human life, including agriculture. Coffee is a major export commodity for Lampung Province. El Niño and La Niña can reduce coffee produc- tion by 80 %. Agroforestry coffee planting pattern is one of the steps to minimize the impact of climate change. This research, conducted from November 2022 to March 2023 in West Lampung Regency, focused on the Way Tenong, Air Hitam, and Batu Brak sub-istricts. A survey method was employed, and a sample of 233 coffee farmers was selected through random sampling. The samples in this research were divided into three groups, namely monocropping coffee systems (MCS), simple agroforestry systems (SAFS), and complex agroforestry systems (CAFS). The level of livelihood vulnerability of farm households was analysed using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index. Overall, farm households on monoculture coffee farms had higher livelihood vulnerability compared to farm households on SAFS and CAFS. Factors significantly affecting the vulnerability of coffee farming households to climate change include farmers’ knowledge of climate change, drought, rainfall patterns, pest and disease outbreaks, as well as the adoption of SAFS and CAFS. Implementing agroforestry systems in coffee farming can help reduce this vulnerability.

Received: 18 July 2024 / Accepted: 09 October 2024 / Available online: 17 October 2024

Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. 

Puji Lestari*, Ahdiar Fikri Maulana, Ridla Arifriana, and Masendra

Forest Management Study Program, Department of Bioresources Technology and Veterinary, Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. *E-mail: pujilestari@ugm.ac.id

Falcataria falcata is valuable species for timber production in Indonesia. Yields from this species, however, are reduced by gall rust caused by Uromycladium falcatarium. The aim of this research was to identify whether extracts of Salix babylonica and Clerodendrum paniculatum could induce systemic resistance of F. falcata to gall rust. Experiments were conducted at the nursery of Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Three factors were tested, i.e. plant extract (S. babylonica or C. paniculatum), extract concentration (diluted or undiluted), and time of application (inoculated one day or seven days after elicitor application). Parameters measure were total phenolic compounds and the symptom of gall rust. The total phenolic compounds produced by seedlings treated with C. paniculatum extract were significantly lower than other treatments. After 5 months of observation, gall rust symptoms were only found on seedlings treated with C. paniculatum extract, i.e. stiff and bent shoot, stiff and slightly bent with a white stripe on branch, stiff and slightly bent leaf stalk, and gall formation.

Received: 07 June 2024 / Accepted: 14 October 2024 / Available online: 18 October 2024

Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.